History/Medieval Studies 303
Readings:
Book List
Iconoclasm
Discussion
Topics
Chronologies:
Imperial Crisis
Later Roman
Emperors, 306-395
Fall of Western
Empire
Age of Justinian
Islamic Caliphs
Byzantine Dark
Ages
Triumph of
Christianity
Macedonian Resurgence
Crusades
Restoration and Ottoman Advance
Handouts:
Population
Finances under
Justinian
Byzantium c.850A.D.
Currency charts:
Diocletian
and Constantine
Justinian
and Heraclius
Isaurian,
Amorian, and Macedonian Ages
Comnenian
and Palaeogian Ages
I. Dynasties
II. Reconquest of the Balkans
III. War and Diplomacy in Italy
IV. Agrarian Legislation
V. Chronological Table, 867-1081
CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE
| 867 | Murder of Michael III; Accession of BASIL I (867-86) | |
| Deposition of Patriarch PHOTIUS | ||
| END OF PHOTIAN SCHISM & Restoration of Communion between Rome and Constantinople | ||
| 869 | Coronation of Constantine as co-Augustus | |
| 869-71 | Campaigns of Basil I against PAULICIANS | |
| Capture and Annexation of Tephrice | ||
| Organization of theme of MESOPOTAMIA (871-888) | ||
| 870 | Preslav elevated to Metropolitan of autonomous Orthodox Bulgarian Church | |
| 875 | Basil I secures Bari in southern Italy | |
| 876-81 | Byzantine Occupation of Cyprus | |
| 878 | Organization of Theme of Dalmatia | |
| Recovery of Imperial Naval Power in Adriatic | ||
| Rise of Venetian Naval Power | ||
| Arabs Catpure SYRACUSE in Sicily | ||
| 879 | Death of Constantine; LEO VI recognized as heir | |
| 880-85 | Nicephorus Phocas the Elder reconquers Longobardia and Calabria in southern Italy | |
| 885-90 | Revival of Armenian Power under Bagratid Dynasty | |
| 886 | Accession of LEO VI "the Wise" (886-912) | |
| Leo VI recognizes Ashot I "the Great" of Armenia | ||
| 889-93 | Pagan Reaction under Vladimir in Bulgaria | |
| Leo VI supports SYMEON (893-927) to Bulgarian throne | ||
| 894-97 | BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WAR | |
| 895 | Failure of Magyar-Byzantine Alliance; Pechenegs drive the Magyars westward into Wallachian Plain | |
| 896 | Death of Pope Formosus (891-896) | |
| PAPAL PORNOCRACY (896-962): Decline of Papal Authority in West & Political Fragmentation of Italy | ||
| 897-901 | Marital and Succession Problems of Leo VI | |
| 901 | NICHOLAS MYSTICUS (901-907), Patriarch of Constantinople | |
| 904 | Arabs of Crete sack Thessalonica | |
| 905 | Birth of Constantine VII Porphyrogentius | |
| Fourth Marriage of LEO VI to ZOE CARBONOSPINA | ||
| TETRAGAMIC CONTROVERSY betweeen Pope Sergius III & Patriarch Nicholas Mysticus | ||
| 907 | Deposition of Patriarch Nicholas Mysticus | |
| Revolt of ANDRONICUS DUCAS in Asia Minor | ||
| SECOND VARANGIAN NAVAL ATTACK on Constantinople | ||
| Commerical Treaty between Byzantium Empire and Prince Oleg (Helgi) of Kiev | ||
| 911 | Restortion of Nicholas Mysticus (911-925) | |
| Renewal of Byzantine-Varangian Commerical Treaty | ||
| Abortive Expedition against Arabs of Crete (911-912) | ||
| 912 | Accession of ALEXANDER (912-913) | |
| 913 | BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WAR (913-924): SYMEON ravages Thrace, Macedon, and northern Greece | |
| Accession of CONSTANTINE VII PORPHYROGENTIUS | ||
| Regency of NICHOLAS MYSTICUS (913-915) | ||
| Coronation of Tsar Symeon and Promise of Marriage Alliance to Symeon | ||
| 915 | Political Downfall of Nicholas Mysticus | |
| REGENCY of ZOE CARBONOSPINA (915-919) | ||
| Alliance of Empress Zoe & Pope John X (914-928) | ||
| Battle of Garigliano: Byzantine-Papal-Lombard Army ends Arabic threat to Italy | ||
| 917 | Battle of Anchilaus: Symeon defeats Imperial army under Domestic Leo Phocas | |
| 919 | ROMANUS LECAPENUS, Drungarius of Fleet, seizes power & deposes regent empress Zoe Carbonospina | |
| 920 | Coronation of ROMANUS I LECAPENUS (920-944) | |
| Constantine VII marries Helena (daughter of Romanus) | ||
| Romanus I checks Symeon in Balkans | ||
| Romanus I restores Ashot II (914-928) to Armenia | ||
| 922 | FIRST NOVEL OF ROMANUS I | |
| 923 | Appointment of JOHN CURCUAS as Domestic of East | |
| Resumption of Byzantine Eastern Offensive (923-944) | ||
| 924 | Treaty between Romanus I & Symeon | |
| End of BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WAR & Decline of Bulgaria | ||
| 927 | Defeat and Death of Symeon in Croatia | |
| Accession of Tsar Peter I (927-969) | ||
| Rise of BOGOMIL HERESY in Balkans | ||
| 934 | Annexation of MELITENE on Upper Euphrates | |
| SECOND NOVEL OF ROMANUS I | ||
| 936-73 | Reign of OTTO I, King of Germany | |
| 940-62 | SAYF-AD-DAWALAH, Hamdanid Emir of Aleppo (944-967), directs Islamic Resistance on Upper Euphrates | |
| Desultory Fighting in Cilicia, Mesopotamia & Armenia | ||
| 941 | Third Varangian Naval Attack on Constantinople | |
| 944 | John Curcuas secures MANDYLION of Edessa | |
| FOURTH VARANGIAN NAVAL ATTACK on Constantinople | ||
| Death of Romanus I; Constantine VII assumes direct rule (944-957) | ||
| 945 | Constantine VII and Prince Igor of Kiev renegotiate commercial treaty | |
| 947 | NOVEL of Constantine VII | |
| 949 | Abortive Expedition against the Arabs of Crete | |
| 955 | Battle of the Lech: Otto I defeats Hungarians | |
| Emergence of Ottonian (Holy Roman) Empire in Germany | ||
| 957 | Accession of ROMANUS II (957-963) | |
| 959/60 | Visit and Conversion of QUEEN OLGA (Helga) of Kiev | |
| 960 | NICEPHORUS PHOCAS, Domestic of East (960-963) | |
| Capture & Annexation of Theodosiopolis | ||
| Political Fragmentation of Armenia | ||
| 961 | Domestic NICEPHORUS PHOCAS conquers CRETE | |
| Unification of South Lombard Principalities under PALDOLF I IRONHEAD of CAPUA (961-981) | ||
| 962 | Nicephorus Phocas captures and sacks ALEPPO in Syria | |
| Coronation of OTTO I Holy Roman Emperor at Rome | ||
| 963 | Death of Romanus II; Regency of THEOPHANO for her sons BASIL II and CONSTANTINE VIII | |
| Marriage of Theophano and NICEPHORUS II PHOCAS | ||
| Accession of NICEPHORUS II PHOCAS (963-969) | ||
| 964 | Defeat of Byzantine Naval Expedition in Sicily | |
| Revolt of Paldolf Ironhead: Lombard-German Alliance | ||
| FIRST NOVEL OF NICEPHORUS | ||
| 965 | Nicephorus II conquers Teluch (Cilicia) and CYPRUS | |
| 966 | Nicephorus II invites Prince SVIATOSLAV of Kiev to invade Bulgaria | |
| 967 | VARANGIAN INVASION OF BULGARIA | |
| Sviatoslav fortifies Dorystolum on the Danube | ||
| SECOND NOVEL OF NICEPHORUS II | ||
| Mission of LIUDPRAND OF CREMONA (967-969): | ||
| 968 | Annexation of Armenian Principality of TARON | |
| Russian Conquest of Bulgaria (968-970) | ||
| BYZANTINE-GERMAN WAR in Italy (968-969) | ||
| 969 | Capture of ANTIOCH & Creation of Catepanate of Syria | |
| FATIMID Conquest of Egypt and Palestine | ||
| Assassination of Nicephorus II | ||
| Accession of JOHN I TZIMISCES (969-976) | ||
| 970 | Byzantine Army sacks ALEPPO and reduces Muslim Northern Syria to client status | |
| John I defeats Sviatoslav at Dorystolum | ||
| Siege of DORYSTOLUM (970-971) | ||
| Negotiations between John I and Otto I (970-972) | ||
| 971 | Capitulation and Withdrawal of Sviatoslav | |
| PECHENEGS destroy retreating Varangians | ||
| Byzantine Annexation of Eastern Bulgaria | ||
| 972 | Marriage of THEOPHANO & OTTO II | |
| Byzantine Cultural and Spiritual Influence in Germany and Central Europe | ||
| 973-83 | OTTO II, Holy Roman Emperor | |
| 974 | First Eastern Expedition of JOHN I TZIMISCES | |
| Submission of Ashot III (952-977) of Armenia | ||
| 975 | Second Eastern Expedition of JOHN I TZIMISCES | |
| Byzantine Advance into Palestine | ||
| FIRST NOVEL OF JOHN I | ||
| 976 | SECOND NOVEL OF JOHN I & Death of John I | |
| Accession of BASIL II BULGAROCTENUS (976-1025) | ||
| TSAR SAMUEL (976-1014) revolts in Western Bulgaria | ||
| 976-79 | REVOLT OF BARDAS SCLERUS in Asia Minor | |
| 979-86 | FIRST BULGARIAN WAR of Basil II | |
| 982 | Italian Expedition of Holy Roman Emperor Otto II | |
| Battle of Cortone: Arabs defeat army of Holy Roman Emperor OTTO II in in Calabria | ||
| Creation of Catepanate of Italy | ||
| 983-1002 | OTTO III Holy Roman Emperor | |
| 986 | Battle of TRAJAN'S GATES near Serdica (Sofia): Defeat of Basil II by Bulgarians | |
| 987-89 | REVOLTS OF BARDAS SCLERUS & BARDAS PHOCAS in Anatolia | |
| 988 | Appeal of Basil II to Prince VLADIMIR of Kiev: Arrival of VARANGIAN GUARD | |
| 989 | Battles of Chrysopolis and Abydos: Basil II defeats Bardas Phocas & recovers Asia Minor | |
| Conversion of VLADIMIR to Orthodox Christianity | ||
| Marriage of Vladimir and Anna, sister of Basil II | ||
| 990-1016 | SECOND BULGARIAN WAR of Basil II | |
| 995-96 | First Syrian Expedition of BASIL II: Repulse of Fatimid Attack on Northern Syria | |
| 996 | FIRST NOVEL OF BASIL II | |
| 998 | Treaty between Basil II and Venice | |
| Venice assumes responsibility for Dalmatian cities | ||
| 999-1001 | Second Syrian Expedition of BASIL II | |
| 1001 | Treaty of BASIL II and Fatimid Caliph al-Hakim | |
| Protection of Pilgrimage Routes | ||
| 1002 | SECOND NOVEL OF BASIL II | |
| Accession of Henry II, Holy Roman Emperor (1002-24) | ||
| 1008 | Unification of Iberia and Abasgia into KINGDOM OF GEORGIA under Bagrat III (1008-1014) | |
| 1014 | BATTLE OF CLEIDON PASS: Destruction of Bulgarian Army and Death of Tsar Samuel | |
| 1014-16 | Annexation of Western Bulgaria & Submission of Serbia and Croatia | |
| 1017-18 | Lombard Revolt of MELO in southern Italy with aid of Western Emperor Henry II | |
| 1018 | Battle of CANNAE: Catepan Basil Bojoannes crushes Lombard Insurgents | |
| SELJUK TURKS defeat David of Vaspurakan | ||
| 1021 | King Sennacherib-John cedes Vaspurakan to Basil II | |
| King Sennacherib-John and 14,000 Armenians granted lands in Cappadocia | ||
| Migration of Armenians into eastern Asia Minor | ||
| 1021-22 | GEORGIAN WAR of BASIL II | |
| Annexation of Iberia & Submission of King George II (1014-1027) | ||
| 1025 | Death of Basil II |
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